The village of Málaš

History of the Village

Before r. In 1277, Hont County Castle also had its property here, but later its property was divided. King Ladislav IV. donated r. 1277 to the Esztergom post office two jutters of land and the Malas estate of Honta, which later belonged to the Esztergom chapter. In 1274 the village is registered as Malas and Malos, r. 1286 as Malws: Adorján Málasi r. In 1290 he exchanged with his Chapter of Esztergom his four Jutra lands in Cyrus for others in Malash. At the end of the 13th and the beginning of the 14th century. three localities of similar name are mentioned here: r. 1297 Kydymalusy, r. 1303 Puszta Malas (also Malus and Malas) and r. 1327 Mendscenthmalasa. The first locality was the property of the Esztergom chapter, the other two belonged to the peasants. In 1321, King Karol Róbert donated the village to the mayor Juraj. While in the deed she is referred to as Malas, the papal tax collectors listed her as Malus. In 1322, in the dispute between the servant Štefan's son Tomáš and the mayor of Bochov, he is mentioned in the form of Bevd de Malas. In 1333, the Archbishopric of Jáger also had its ownership shares here. In 1323, King Karol Róbert donated the village of Málaš to his son Hochlou, Komes Juraj Tapolcsányi, because after the death of Matúš Čák, Juraj promised allegiance to the king and opened the gates of Levice Castle to him. Thus, Komes received a generous donation to the village of Málaš. In the 14th century. the village is mentioned under various names, once as Bydy, sometimes as Bewd and also Bydy Malas. In 1343, the village is also mentioned in the estate agreement between the sons of the mayor Juraj and the children of his sibling, but before that we find here as the landowners of the Poborovci (from Gyórôd). The first inhabitants of the village were Slovaks, who were settled by King Ladislav Veľký and later King Sigismund. But these Slovaks later became extinct due to the plague and the village was in the 18th century. settled by Hungarians.

In 1527, King Ján Zápoľský needed to increase the number of his followers, and so in Buda in In 1527 he issued a deed of donation for Tomáš, Juraj, Ladislav Kistapolcsányi and the villages of Topoľčianky, Veľké Mlyňany, Malé Volkovce, Malý Uhrovec, Malý Málaš, Kolačno, Pažitie and Sudince. But in that year, Málaš is mentioned as an abandoned village. In 1535, two villages are mentioned, Veľký Málaš belonged to the peasants Málasi and Kálnay, Malý Málaš was completely abandoned. Later, only Veľký Málaš developed as a village, which became a purely peasant village. In 1537, Veľký Málaš was acquired by Krištof Ordódy, and the village became their family property. Later, the Balogh family, the Hunyady family, the Foglár family, the Rainprecht family and the Veress family were also landowners here. These families, resp. their relatives, owned the village until 1945. In 1600 there were only 16 taxed houses in the village, a year later there were 18. In 1720 there were 14 taxpayers, there was also a pub and a slice of meat. In 1828, the village already had 61 houses and 397 inhabitants. E. Fényes mentions Málaš as a village with arable arable land and pastures suitable for sheep breeding.
Until r. In 1945, there was only one storey residential house in the village, namely the Hechtov manor house. There were several single-storey aristocratic and provincial settlements and small occupied single-storey farmhouses. The inhabitants of the village were mostly of Catholic religion. The Calvinist parish was established here in 1655 and expired in 1736. The Calvinists did not have a church in the village. According to the chronicles, the first Jewish family settled in Málaš in 1870 and belonged to the parish in Tekovské Lužany. The post office in the village was established on November 26, 1882, the first telephone was introduced here in 1911th

The First World War did not affect the life of the village much, but claimed 15 victims. The establishment of the First Czechoslovakia was accepted peacefully by the inhabitants of Málaš. On September 28, 1918, a small industrial railway line leading from Málaš to Pohronský Ruskov was put into use. Italian prisoners of war took part in its construction. In 1920, the local liqueur burned down. In the years 1925 - 26, a land reform took place in Maláša, which contributed to the construction development of the village. Until then, Little was little built up, but after the poorer inhabitants got into the land, more extensive construction began here. So in the village until r. By 1932, there were already 120 homes. Culture at that time to a greater extent also reached peasant houses. To the village r. In 1935, 17 types of Czechoslovak newspapers (60 pieces), 21 types of Hungarian newspapers (111 pieces) and 2 types of German newspapers (5 pieces) were published regularly. The Slovak Municipal Library had r. 1935 156 volumes of books, general Hungarian library 111 volumes (1934), teacher library 211 volumes and youth library owned 327 books. The Fire Brigade was founded on April 29, 1934, the Slovak League on January 1, 1935, and several political parties operated there. The first radio in the village was owned by Imrich Hecht from October 31, 1926, then the number of its owners gradually increased.

The inhabitants of Málaš were known as excellent farmers. To Prague, Brno and Ostrava in the 30th-40th years, they supplied about 250 cattle a year. The little ones received several awards at various exhibitions. At the grain exhibition in Želiezovce in In 1932, Ján Raffay won the 1st prize, and in the same year the 2nd prize at the exhibition in Tekovské Lužany. Juraj Schlússler also won the prize for barley. In August 1935, Ede Roth won the 3rd prize at the 12th year of the Slovak barley. Before the First World War, several local citizens moved to Buenos Aires, Argentina (1924 Peter Petrovics, 1925 Štefan Petrovics, 1926 Mária Petrovicsová, 1928 Margita Petrovicsová, 1935 Juraj and Helena Kissovci, r. 1936 Anna Szenessy went to see her husband Gejz Forgách).
Before II. During World War II, municipal property included: a municipal house, an ice house, a shepherd's house, a wooden fire station, a house of mourning, a general scale, 36 cadastral acres of arable land and gardens (worth CZK 92,300), a cemetery, a rendering plant and a vineyard. II. World War II claimed 18 lives from the population, and the events of state change took place here peacefully. The development of the village continued even after the II. world war. In 1948, ŠM was founded, r. 1956 JRD.
Many old houses were rebuilt, many new ones were built. Roads were paved, new hospitality and a shop were built. Several residents currently go to work in the surrounding towns. The village was electrified.

The village of Dolná Arma stood in the district of Málaš and was a regular property of the Kürthy family. As an abandoned village is mentioned r. 1536 and disappeared during the Turkish wars. In the inventory from r. In 1657 there were written 13 devastated lands, but in 1663 The Turks looted the village again. Then Dolná Arma was restored only as a settlement. Since 1868 belonged to the Hunyady family, r. 1902 it was bought by Alexander Szandtner, r. In 1919, his daughter Alice, married to Baron Vojtech Malcomes, received the gift. In 1934 the settlement was bought by Imrich Hecht, to whom it belonged until 1945. Later the mayor acquired ŠM Tekovské Lužany.
Malý Málaš, a former independent village, was destroyed during the Turkish wars and has not been restored. It was not until the 8th century. here the Foglárovci built a master known for its excellent sheep breeding. In 1891, Alexander Szandtner bought Majer, and later Dr. Karol Forray, r. In 1929 it was owned by the wife of dr. Ľudovít Mihály, b. Alžbeta Schumacherová. This property was after 1920 partially subdivided and 302 jutary of land sold by dr. Mihály to businessman Ignác Weisz. Before moving, the Mihály family sold the rest of their property to several farms from Málaš and Tekovské Lužany. After r. In 1948, Maj. Acquired ŠM Tekovské Lužany.
Pereš (Dolný Pereš or Vickó Pereš) belonged to the property of the Ordódy family, who here in the second half of the 19th century. they founded majer. This mayor was the property of Gabriela Szentiványi, rod. Ordódyová, daughter of Pavel Ordódy, Minister of Transport of Hungary. Before the First World War, the mayor was hired by tenant Zweig, then the tenant Leo Schlessinger, later his son Vojtech, farmed here. In the years 1945-48, the mayor was owned by the Prokešov family, then they were taken over by ŠM. About r. 1970, resp. 1975 both majors ceased to exist.