Homeland Museum in Hlohovec - Hlohovec

Exhibition of historical portrait and graphics

The exhibition is located in the north corridor of the first floor of the main museum building. The vaulted space of the corridor enhances the artistic value of the exhibited oil paintings and graphics. The oil paintings largely come from the inventory of the Hlohov Castle, specifically from the family picture gallery, which included portraits of the Erdödi family, the owners of the Hlohov Castle since 1720, as well as their relatives and rulers. Among the members of the family are Ladislav Adam Erdödi, Anton Erdödi and Irma Erdödiová, genus. Migazzi. Among the related family members can be found in the exhibition of Pavel Esterházi and Mikuláš Pálfi. The rulers are represented by a large image of Leopold I.

Anton Erdödi was the owner of the Hlohovec chateau in the second half of the 18th century.

Ladislav Adam Erdödi was an important ecclesiastical dignitary and bishop of Nitra. Both portraits are complemented by the coat of arms of the Erdödi family. The Erdödi family also includes the Červený Kameň museum, borrowed by the Erdodi family from the 18th century. It is a rare oil painting, proving the branching of members of an important Hungarian family. The oil painting, probably by the painter Mathias Ignatius Fidler, consists of coats of arms and a text part with the names of individual members of the family. The relative of the Erdödi family, Pavol Esterházi, presented in the exhibition, is known not only as an important nobleman, but also as a composer and supporter of art. Pavol Esterházi was the father of Terézia Esterháziová, the wife of Juraj Erdōdi, the first owner of the castle and estate Hlohovec. The portrait of Emperor Leopold I, the founder of the nearby Leopold Fortress, is impressive. Emperor Leopold dressed in armor is depicted with imperial insignia. The oil painting is the work of an unknown painter who painted his artistic tool, the painting palette, at the bottom.

Like most oil paintings, the exhibited graphics were originally part of the artistic equipment of the Hlohov Castle. It is only a small fraction of the number of graphics that were in the interior of the original aristocratic residence. The exhibition includes installed medirins from the 18th century with themes of allegories of the seasons (autumn), military battles (battle in China) and genre themes from the French and English environment. The exhibition is complemented by gilded Baroque mirrors, paintings by Cupid and Psyche (museum depository), oil paintings War with the Turks and various historical furniture.

All of them, except for two oil paintings from the Amor and Psyché series, were originally located in the Hlohov Castle.

Images of Cupid and Psyche

Two large paintings by an unknown author dating back to 1863 once decorated the manor house in Koplotovce near Hlohovec.

They got there by the then owner of the manor, which was Timotej Frideczky de Kaplath et Csenede / from Koplotoviec and Čanadov (1818–1898). His son Barnabas had the inherited family mansion rebuilt (1901) and inhabited it with his wife Barbora Barkassy from Transylvania. The manor later belonged to their daughter Felicia. After her displacement to England in 1948, it became British and later Czechoslovak property. The state established various public institutions in it and leased a small part to Felicia's brother, Ivan, who entrusted a fraction of the original facility to the Homeland Studies Museum in Hlohovec.

After his death in 1999, relatives decided to keep the paintings in the museum's custody. They were here until 2008, until the owners decided to sell the paintings. The museum's pre-emption right was not financially feasible, so Johannes Franciscus Frideczky took them to Bratislava, where he had them restored to Ľudovít and Šarlot Štrompach over time. Earlier, he did, the Museum of National History in Hlohovec had copies made by 2008 to 2010 Miloš Nývlt (painter and carver from Červený Kostelec in Moravia living in Hlohovec - Šulekov, pupil of Břetislav Kafka - brother of the famous sculptor Bohuslav Kafka), and thus it is still possible to see paintings with the theme of Cupid and Psyche in our permanent exhibition. 2nd century AD

Archeology

Archeology is the result of archaeological research in Hlohovec and its surroundings. At the beginning of the exhibition there are skeletal remains of prehistoric animals, namely mammoths, pratura, and a cave bear horse. The exhibition itself is divided into three parts according to individual archaeological periods. Stone Age in the first room, Bronze Age in the middle room and the Iron Age, Roman and Slavic settlements until the arrival of the Old Hungarians in the last third room.

The prehistoric fragments of Venus from the Late Stone Age in the first room are unique, in the middle room there are various bronze sprays and weapons, as well as an imitation of a prehistoric tomb of a young woman from the Early Bronze Age placed in the floor. In the last room, the visitor will find a Celtic depot of iron tools from the 1st century. BC, a bronze statue of Jupiter Dolichen from Roman times or a bronze Germanic toothpick. Treasures and coin finds from the vicinity of Hlohovec are stored in the last three showcases.

Folk clothing

The exposition of women's folk clothing on the floor of the museum shows us how people dressed in the past. Due to the small space, only women's clothing is displayed here. It was this women's folk clothing that was the most characteristic in terms of material and decoration, because men's folk clothing disappeared soon, in connection with both the departure of men to the First World War and work in factories, to the city. Emigration to America was known. When the men returned from the war, they usually replaced the folk clothing with clothing.

Children's folk clothing was sewn from the remains of old clothing after adults. Very ready in the 1930s came ready-made clothes, these things were cheaper, so children started to buy ready-made clothes.

On the left side of the corridor, women's clothing parts are installed - a wicker basket that the girls carried to the city, a smaller gargle, which was used in the vicinity of Piešťany, and a larger one in the left mine, which comes from the Trnava area. Furthermore, there are shirts, sleeves, blouses, skirts, aprons, pruclei, wraps, wedding fur, shoes, headgear, woolen, wristbands and various other accessories dating from the beginning of the 20th century, or from the turn of the century.

On the right side, we present women's clothing sets, in which we see the most important moments in a person's life. These are clothes: wedding, work, festive and mourning.

Wedding dress - we have the Trnava and Piešťany variants.

Work clothes - it is an older type - hemp.

Embroidery from Šoporna - on the wall - shows the cycle of life - 4 seasons: spring, summer, autumn, winter.

According to the seasons: harvest, grape harvesters, wedding, Jánošík's party, drinking after harvest.

Holiday clothes - after work, especially on Sundays, people wore it to the church.

Funeral clothing - worn at funerals.

Hachľa - for combing hemp

Natural science exposition

Vertebrates around Hlohovec. The natural history exposition is one of the oldest expositions of the museum. It dates from 1971. There are tons of exposed animals that occur in the part between the Little Carpathians and Považský Inovec. In the first room, birds are exhibited, according to their natural relationship. The display case on the left and the cabinet in the middle on the right acquaintance with the most famous representatives of the singers. The second room presents us with a bird that binds to water in some way, such as ducks, geese, seagulls, divers, waders.

In two smaller boxes there are samples of some species of fish in our region.

In the third room, in two small cabinets, we have exhibited our rodents, insectivores and bats, which are currently a very endangered species.

Furthermore, we have the opportunity to see a wild rabbit living in colonies in excavated burrows.

In the fourth room is a demonstration of some of our amphibians. They are all protected animals. The diorama in this room shows us a fox family by her den in the woods.

In the fifth room there is a showcase with our reptiles. Our largest reptile - the tree snake lives in the forest, while the common snake is tied to water. The brittle blind is a legless lizard. (In danger, it can separate the tail of the body, much like a lizard.)

The second showcase is a roe deer in the summer color, together with a deer in the winter color.

In the sixth room in the first display case, the male pig is wild. In the second box are other representatives of our carnivores, martens and wild cat. The wild cat is very rare and is classified as a protected animal. The room and at the same time the whole exposition is finished with a beautiful diorama of a deciduous forest, which is home to a red deer. It is a very valuable trophy game.

Franciscans in Slovakia

The Franciscans in Slovakia is the only museum exposition in Slovakia that gives a brief picture of the activities of the Franciscans in the past and in the present. It was built in collaboration with the Rehola of the Franciscans. The exhibition is divided into ten thematic units.

The introduction of the exhibition is an approach to the personality of the founder of the Order of St. Francis. He was born in 1182 in the Italian city of Assisi, which is a place of pilgrimage to believers to this day. After his death, the number of monks expanded. Several of them were declared saints.

The first Franciscans came to Slovakia at the end of the 13th century and founded their houses and monasteries. Churches were built together with the Franciscan monastery. In them they used religious objects, e.g. chalices which, in addition to ornaments, were supplemented by typical features of the Franciscan order. The Franciscan order was one of the begging orders. They strengthened and spread the Catholic faith throughout Slovakia. Their pastoral activity was popular among the common people. The Franciscans did not only work in churches, they had a developed education system, they participated in the education and upbringing of young people and they also taught their own members of the order. They received their education from books stored in monastic libraries. One of the most important libraries was the library in the Franciscan monastery in Hlohovec where rare Glagolitic fragments were found, the oldest monument in the Glagolitic language in Slovakia. The Franciscans not only cared for and preserved the books but also created literary works themselves. The most famous of the Franciscan writers was Hugolín Gavlovič, and Rudolf Dilong was an excellent poet. The activities of the Franciscan order were forcibly interrupted in 1950. The resumption of the activities of the order was not allowed until after November 1989.

Glagolitic leaves

Fragments of the Glagolitic Mass Book from the end of the 13th or the beginning of the 14th century have been preserved in the binding of František Saleský's Italian book "Trattato dell´amor di Dio" (Venice 1642). Parchment sheets are of Croatian provenance, it is assumed that they got to the territory of Slovakia by moving Franciscan monks or exchanging book material.

They were discovered in the library of the former Franciscan monastery in Hlohovec. The Old Slavonic text is written in Croatian Glagolitic of the older type. The leaves contain the masses De communi apostolorum and De communi martyrum. Although no autographs have been preserved from the period of the Great Moravian Empire, it is probable that the texts mediated by Glagolitic and Cyrillic transcripts from the 11th - 16th centuries date back to the 9th century.

Porcelain, stoneware and glass in a folk setting

In the first showcases we have porcelain on display, which is considered to be men's goods. It began to penetrate the folk environment at the end of the 19th century. The housekeepers obtained it in exchange from the rags. It was mostly mugs that decorated the shelves - fogashes. Onion dishes with an onion pattern and a clock with a painted dial were less common. Children's dreams were dolls with porcelain heads.

In other showcases, there are porcelain statues of saints that reminded people of places of pilgrimage and actually decorated people's homes. The plate with the hole served as a lamp with a shade.

White stoneware - utility and dark - shard.

In other showcases, earthenware is on display, which was more affordable and a popular accessory for people for its variety of decoration and painting. It received from us mainly from Hungary, it is also produced in our country in central Slovakia. People bought it mainly at the fair. The inscriptions on the stoneware were written mainly in Hungarian. The names of the girls and the dedication of Emlék - in memory - appear mainly on the white earthenware. Names in Hungarian were also widespread because we taught in this language. The oldest inscriptions were also written in German, Polish and also in Russian, ie in Cyrillic.

An ointment pot is also on display.

Then there is the dark stoneware, it was mainly useful. Pastry molds, muffin tins, baking pans. In the cities, the form of a hare was used, in the villages mostly lamb. Furthermore, bottles for mineral water.

These are the custom forms for Easter pastries. Lamb - rural environment. It is a symbolism of the Lamb of God - from Christian ideology. Hare - urban environment - Germanic element. He came from German lands and settled mainly in the cities. It was a symbol of fertility.

Krošňa - windowers used to walk around the villages, wear this step on their backs and glazed windows or paintings. (worn by men on a back filled with glass).

Wine container, wiring demonstration, people wired pots to make them stronger. Trays for must, jam, also cooked in them. Demonstration of windows from family houses.

There are glass products, glasses, mugs, beer bottles, hevere for brandy, large hevere was used for wine, the so-called mustard, mustard - case for mustard. Small cups were also called Zuzky, they were brandy glasses.

There is also a glass winch, which was used to wash caps, sleeves, ribbons, especially for washing very fine types of fabrics. The winch was also made of sheet metal and wood. These were used for ordinary washing.

At the bottom right are stored the so-called flycatchers. Sweet juice was poured into them, on which people caught flies. Jam bottle, baby bottles, pharmacy bottles, also brandy bottles. A decorative egg, a mutant for butter, a grater for small children and mushrooms for laying silk ribbons.

The chests are reminiscent of the equipment of the Slovak Folk Cuisine. The blue chest is older, the so-called fiok - drawer. The tablecloth on it is hand embroidered. In the middle is a more modern chest, the so-called šuflet - barracks and tablecloth on it is machine embroidery. Šikerajt - machine embroidery.

Attractions in the exhibition in the lower corridor

RELIEF OF THE BIRTH OF THE LORD

A copy of the relief of the Nativity of the Lord from Hlohovec. The original is placed in the Gothic exposition of the Slovak National Gallery in Bratislava. The altar dates from the end of the 15th century and was placed as part of the altar of the chapel at the castle in Hlohovec. The relief was originally an extension of the main altar of the Cathedral of St. Martin in Bratislava. In front of this altar, 10 Hungarian monarchs were crowned.

Juraj Erdődy, the owner of Hlohovec in the first half of the 18th century, had the altar placed in the castle chapel in Hlohovec, where it was located until 1945. A copy of the relief was carved in 1994 by the artistic carver Ľudovít Pisár, the polychrome is the work of academic sculptor Jaroslav Kuba. A faithful copy of the altar was made from the funds of Slovakofarma Hlohovec. At present, the relief is the property of the town of Hlohovec.

RELIEF OF ST. ANNY

The relief depicts the mother of the Virgin Mary, St. Anna, the Virgin Mary as a child and her father,

sv. Joachyma. The relief was originally placed on the side altar in the castle chapel in Hlohovec and dates from the second half of the 18th century.

FORGED DOORS

The rococo wrought-iron door was installed in the entrance of the corridor, which connects the interior of the chapel with the courtyard of the castle.

KUPA KRSTITELNICE

Stone heap of baptistery with inscription and dating. The cluster was equipped with the Church of All Saints at the time of the Reformation (end of the 16th century). The bunch was made by Count Julius of Salm and Neuburg in 1590.

EQUIPMENT OF THE TOMB OF Count JOZEF ERDÖDY FROM 1824.

The objects were lifted from the tomb on the Głogów Calvary, where the count was buried in 1824 by his wife Alžbeta Mayerová. In the tomb was a magnificent Magnate saber decorated with gilded sheets with figural decoration and semi-precious stones. On the left side of the coat, the Count liked St. Štefan, girded with a magnificent metal belt, had soft leather boots on his legs adorned with gilded spikes.

Refectory - once a monastery dining room

The monastery is a two-storey, four-winged building with a paradise courtyard. The most architecturally valuable room is the former refectory with stucco, Renaissance-Baroque decoration from 1648. Originally, this room was decorated with paintings of a religious nature and served as a common dining room of the monastic order. It has been severely damaged in recent years. In 1977, it was restored by the Center of Arts and Crafts in Bratislava.

The exhibits located in the monastery dining room come from the Hlohovec chateau, or from the rich burgher houses of Hlohovec. The most valuable exhibits include e.g. rich inlaid baroque cabinet from the middle of the 18th century with depictions of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband Francis of Lorraine, then a rococo chest of drawers, from the second half of the 18th century comes a massive pseudo-renaissance sideboard. It is all furniture from Hlohov Castle. The donation image is one of the most valuable exhibits. The donation painting hung on the chateau in Hlohovec and was the property of the Erdödy family. It dates from 1743 and represents the gifts and privileges received by the predecessors of the Erdödy family - the Bakóci family - from King Matej Korvín. In the middle of the picture is King Matej Korvín, who on the left handes the coat of arms to Cardinal Tomáš Bakóč. And on the right side of the scepter points to the altar of the Nativity of the Lord, which was placed in the castle chapel. The original altar is currently in the Slovak National Gallery in Bratislava. At present, a copy of the altar of the Nativity is in the Feudal City exhibition. On the left side of the picture there is an altar with saints - St. John, St. Adalbert and St. Stephen and above them the Virgin Mary with Jesus. Under the throne of Matej Korvín is a privilege for the Erdödy family from the second half of the 15th century.

Refectory

It is complemented by oil paintings that belonged to the castle's picture gallery. The first to hang from the door is a portrait of Mikuláš Pálfi - 18th century. The next portrait is Krištof Migazzi. He was the Archbishop of Vienna, the Bishop of Vacov and later a cardinal. He was a member of the order of St. Štefan, founded by Mária Terézia. (Migazzi's coat of arms in the upper left corner - green cross and badge means that he was a member of the Order of St. Stephen, "M" is the emblem of Maria Theresa) Maria Theresa, from the Habsburg family, was the Austrian Empress and Queen of Hungary. Gašpar Migazzi - the brother of Krištof Migazzi held military and political positions during the reign of Maria Theresa. Prince Vaclav Kaunitz was the Imperial-Royal Chancellor during the reign of Maria Theresa. At present, the refectory serves as the ceremonial hall of the town of Hlohovec.