The village of Lúč on the island

Today's village Lúč na Ostrove was created by merging the villages Malá and Veľká Lúč in 1960. The name of both villages is derived from the personal name Lucha, Luchy, which often occurs in the Middle Ages.
The oldest written record of the village is preserved from 1248, in a document of Dionýz, a palatine and a Bratislava mayor, which he donated two plows of land in Kračany to a subject of the Bratislava castle named Ertheur. When describing the boundaries of the donated land, the area called Luche is also mentioned, which belonged to the court, ie the royal servants. The oldest inhabitants of Lúč were the courtmen, who formed a large part of the population of the entire Žitný ostrov. However, the courtiers gradually lost their privileged position, and from 1351 they were obliged to pay nines as well. Some of them were exempted and promoted to aristocracy for their merits. The second medieval document from July 23, 1297, in which a village called Luche is mentioned, speaks of this fact.

The first division of the territory under the name Luche took place after the issuance of this document. In 1303, the boundaries of Theberluche were demarcated. In 1316, we meet in the document with the designation Luce Superiori, ie Horá Lúč. In the document from 1322, however, only Luce is mentioned again, but in the document from 1323, Zylas Luche is clearly mentioned. In the documents from the 15th century, the names Nagy and Kis Lúcs began to be used. The original name Zylas Luce, from which Malá Lúč originated, can be derived from the name of the trees (szil in Hungarian means elm), which occurred here. The name Theberlúche, from which Veľká Lúč originated, originated from a personal name, which is also mentioned in a document at the beginning of the 14th century.
The deed of Simon Rozgonyi, a regional judge in 1413 (March 13), mentions Silasluche, which at that time was a royal property and belonged to the village of Gala, which was part of the Bratislava castle estate. Gala was the center of a larger property complex, which included today's Malá Lúč until the middle of the 19th century.

The village of Veľká Lúč developed differently from the 14th century, although in the charter of King Matej from 1466 it is mentioned together with Veľká Paka and the villages belonging to Gale. Of the families that lived here in the 15th century, the Doczy family stands out, who also used the family name Doczy de Nagy Luche. According to the inventory of property from 1533, in Veľká Lúč, Gašpár Lipcsey 6 and Peter Pálffy 9 had a port. In the 17th century, the Aranyossy family had larger property here. In the middle of this century, there were 16 houses in the village and about 100 people lived here. In the 18th century, the aristocratic estates were already severely fragmented, according to the census of 1786 - 1787, there were 26 houses and 178 inhabitants in the village. The inhabitants of the village were Hungarians and Roman Catholics. The village of Veľká Lúč belonged to the parish of Gala, where one of the oldest churches on Žitný ostrov was located. In 1634, at the time of the canonical visitation, ordered by Peter Pázmáň, there was a chapel in the village of Veľká Lúč, and a chaplain also worked there. We assume that the chapel was destroyed at the end of the 17th, at the beginning of the 18th century at the latest. In the 19th century, the Jiringer family had larger property in the village and in the second half of the 19th century the Linzboth family. Due to the aristocratic character of the village, there were no significant property changes in the village even after the abolition of serfdom.

At the end of the 19th century, Michal Linzbótt, among others, had the largest property here, who, in addition to the manor house and mayor in the district of Nagysó, also had 3 other houses. In the village under number 32 there was a school that belonged to the aristocratic compossorate. In 1900, the village had 323 inhabitants, of which the vast majority of 249 people subsisted on agriculture. There were 18 men in the industry, including blacksmiths, tailors, shoemakers and brick makers.

After the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, the biggest changes in the village were brought by l. land reform. The position of the population, especially during the economic crisis, was very difficult as there was not enough work. In the 1920s, four political parties worked here - the Republican, Christian - Socialist, Hungarian National and Communist Parties. From an administrative point of view, the village of Veľká Lúč belonged to the District Notary's Office in Kostolná Gale. In the years 1938 - 1945, Artúr Weiss, Ladislav Molnár and Gero Jesenský were among the larger landowners. After II. World War II, the village got back to the Czechoslovak Republic. Pursuant to Act no. 104/45, the property of the local Hungarian population was confiscated and 5 families were relocated to Hungary. A unified farmers' cooperative was founded in the village in 1950. In the same year, an independent local national committee was established. The village of Veľká Lúč was merged with the village of Malá Lúč in 1960.

The history of Malá Lúča from the 14th century until 1960 differs from the history of Veľká Lúča. The village was part of a property complex with a center in Gale, which received the first privileges in the 14th century, as stated in the deed of King Matthew from 1466. In terms of privileges, residents of villages belonging to Gale could be tried only in their own court. In the 15th century, according to King Matej's privileged document, the inhabitants belonging to the Gala manor paid fixed fees four times a year. In addition, in Turice, all municipalities were obliged to supply one sheep. The fees were already reduced by King Ľudovít by a charter, and in 1532 King Ferdinand extended the already existing rights of the inhabitants of this property complex with a toll exemption. The privileges granted were regularly confirmed by all the rulers. In the thirties of the 17th century, important property and legal changes took place in Lúča na Ostrove, and Štefan Pálffy deposited the entire village as a deposit of Wolfgang Móroc, the Bratislava sub-governor, for 775 tolars. Despite this fact, Malá Lúč is also mentioned in the land register of the Bratislava estate. Despite several backups, at the time of urban regulation, Malá Lúč clearly belongs to the Pálffy family again. In 1785, in an inventory made on the basis of an order of Joseph II. about Malá Lúča they noted that it belongs to Ján Pálffy and 140 people live in it.

The inhabitants of the village were Hungarians and Roman Catholics. At the head of the village stood a mayor. According to the 1786 census, 143 people lived in the village. The houses were built of unfired bricks, but the chimneys were made of wicker. After the abolition of serfdom in 1848, which only slowly came to life, the property situation in the village changed, as the former serfs became the owners of the land. However, the vast majority of arable land still belonged to the Pálffy family. At the end of the 19th century, the total number of houses was 31. The population in 1900 was 213, of which 188 people made a living from agriculture, and only shoemakers were represented by craftsmen.
After the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, the most significant changes in the life of the village were brought about by the First Land Reform. In 1928, the largest landlord in the village was Vojtech Dóczi. Tillage did not provide sufficient livelihoods for the inhabitants, many of whom relied on state support. In the 1920s, there were three political parties in Mala Luca - the Republican Party, the Hungarian National Party and the Christian Social Party. From the administrative point of view, the village belonged, similarly to Veľká Lúč, to the District Notary's Office in Kostolná Gale. In the years 1938 - 1945, František Bittó was the largest tenant of the land. According to official statistics, the village had 294 inhabitants in this period.
After the liberation of the village and after the end of II. During World War II, a government commissioner, later an administrative commission, was appointed to head the village. The local national committee was established in 1950. 3 families were displaced from the village to Hungary. The vast majority of land in the sense of Act. 104/45 was confiscated and distributed by allocators. After 1948, the Balluch family was also taken away. It was incorporated into the local United Farmers' Cooperative, which was founded in 1950.

The village of Lúč did not experience significant development until the early 1970s. In 1973, the construction of the cultural house and administrative building of the local national committee began. A new school and kindergarten were added in the 1970s.